Chemistry may be defined as the science that is concerned with the characterization, composition, and transformations of matter. This definition, however, is far from adequate. It fails to convey the spirit of chemistry, for it, like all science, is a vital, growing enterprise, not an accumulation of knowledge. The sciences are self-generating; the very nature of each new scientific concept stimulates fresh observation and experimentation that lead to progressive refinement as well as to the development of other concepts. Since the interests of scientific fields overlap, the boundaries |
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between them are not distinct, and scientific concepts and methods find universal application. In the light of scientific growth, it is not surprising that a given scientific pursuit .frequently crosses artificial, human-imposed boundaries. Nevertheless, there is a common, if somewhat vague, understanding of the province of chemistry, and we must return to our preliminary definition. Chemistry is concerned with the composition and the structure of substances and with the forces that hold these structures together. The physical properties of substances are studied, since they provide clues for structural determinations, serve as the basis for identification and classification, and indicate possible uses for specific materials. The chemical reaction, however, is the focus of chemistry. The interest of chemistry extends to every conceivable aspect of these transformations and includes such considerations as detailed descriptions of how and at what rates reactions proceed, the conditions required to bring about desired changes and to prevent undesired changes, the energy changes that accompany chemical reactions, the syntheses of substances that occur in nature and of those that have no natural counterparts, and the quantitative mass relations between the materials involved in chemical changes. - Charles E. Mortimer |
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World of Chemistry |